Novel and Nation Making
Novel and Nation Making
The Novel and Nation Making: Premchand's novels popularised the sense of belonging to a common nation as they were filled with all kinds of powerful characters drawn from all levels of society. In his novels, aristocrats and landlords, middle level peasants and landless labourers, middle-class professionals and people from the margins of society are found.
The women characters are strong individuals, especially those who come from the lower classes and are not modernised. Premchand rejected the nostalgic obsession with ancient history. Instead, his novels look towards the future by creating a community based on democratic values.
Rangbhoomi (The Arena): The central character of his novel Rangbhoomi (The Arena), Surdas is a visually impaired beggar from a so called untouchable caste. The very act of choosing such a person as the hero of a novel is significant.
It makes the lives of the most oppressed section of society as worthy of literary reflection. Surdas struggles against the forcible takeover of his land for establishing a tobacco factory. The story tells us about industrialisation and its impact on society and people. The story of Surdas was inspired by Gandhi's personality and ideas.
Godan (The Gift of Cow): Premchand's famous novel Godan (The Gift of Cow) was published in 1936. This novel tells the story of Hori and his wife Dhania, a peasant couple. Landlords, moneylenders, colonial bureaucrats and priests all the persons in our society form a network of oppression, rob their land and make them landless labourers. Yet they retain their dignity till the end of the novel. It is an epic of the Indian peasantry. This novel is the best known work of Premchand.
Rabindranath Tagore: His early novels were historical, he later shifted to writing stories about domestic relationships, the condition of women and nationalism. These concerns are featured in his Ghare Baire translated in 1919 as The Home and the World. He also shows the contradictory effects of the nationalist involvement of women in this story. Tagore's novels are striking because they make us re-think about both man-woman relationships and nationalism.
CONCLUSION : The novel became part of lives of different sections of people in both the West and in India. Developments in print technologies allowed the novels to flourish all over the world. The novel focussed on the lives of those who were unknown by the literate and middle class people. The novels produce a sense of sharing and promote an understanding of different people, different values and different communities. We have seen these aspects in the writings of Premchand and also in the works of other novelists.Bringing together people from varied backgrounds produces a sense of shared community. The most notable form of this community is the nation. Equally significant is the fact that by bringing in both the powerful and the marginal peoples and cultures, the novel throws up many questions about the nature of these communities. We can say then that novels produce a sense of sharing, and promote an understanding of different people, different values and different communities. At the same time they explore how different groups begin to question or reflect upon their own identities
NOSSTALGIC : Pleasure and sadness that is caused by remembering something from the past .
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Aman Kumar Shrivastava
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Aman Kumar Shrivastava
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